We know that a string is a sequence of characters, but today we will learn how to get a part of any string, known as substring.
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String Slicing
String slicing can be done using the [] (square brackets) notation, just as you get index.
The string[index] will return a single character of your string at the index.Since the indexing starts at 0, the string[0] will give you the very first character and the string[-1] will give the very last character.And the rest of the characters can be found using their position
my_string = โGet a complete Python tutorial at FITAโ
print(my_string[0])
print(my_string[len(my_string)//2])
print(my_string[-1]) |
And the above code will output..
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Slicing characters starting at n.
The string[first_index:] will give you all the characters starting from the index given.
print(my_string[6:])
print(my_string[6::]) |
This will give give you all the characters except for the first 6,both the lines will give you the same output as
complete Python tutorial At FITA |
Slicing characters for first n characters.
The string[:end_index] will give all the characters until the given index.
my_string =’Get a complete Python tutorial At FITA’
print(my_string[:6]) |
This will give you the first 6 characters of the my_string.
Slicing characters with a jump or step.
The string[::step] will give all the characters with a step or skip of the the value
For example
my_string =’Get a complete Python tutorial At FITA’
print(my_string[::11]) |
This will give you characters starting from 0 till the end but with a skip of 11 characters in between.Here is the output..
Note that this is not the first 3 characters, let me give another example
Output
Now let’s fill all the gaps with a start ,end, step.
Slice characters from start to end with a step.
The my_string[start:end:step] will give you the characters from starting position to the end position with a skip of step characters.
my_string =’Get a complete Python tutorial At FITA’
print(my_string[4:35:12])
print(my_string[9::4])
print(my_string[:24:10])
print(my_string[9:18:4]) |
Here is the output for the above
A negative index will mean that you start from the end i.e., from right to left.
will give the last second character.
print(my_string[-6:]) # t FITA |
will give last 6 characters
print(my_string[6:-6]) # complete Python tutorial |
Will give all characters except the first 6 and last 6 characters.
Check for a substring
You can also use the in or not in keywords to check if a substring is present in the string, which will give a boolean result.
my_string = ‘Get a complete Python tutorial At FITA’
print(‘ATUFA’ not in my_string)
print(‘complete’ in my_string) |
Which outputs..
Also you can count the number of occurrences of the substring , when you have checked if it is present, else it will return 0.
my_string = ‘Get a complete Python tutorial At FITA’
print(my_string.count(‘FIT’))
print(my_string.count(‘a’)) |
Output
This was all about slicing strings in python with its implementation..To get in-depth knowledge of Python along with its various applications and real-time projects, you can enroll in Python Training in Chennaiย or Python Training in Bangaloreย by FITA at an affordable price, which includes real time projects with certification, support and career guidance assistance.